冀南平原大棚微咸水滴灌对土壤水盐分布及葡萄生长发育的影响

为确定适宜矿化度的微咸水滴灌方式,并为指导不同葡萄品种的微咸水滴灌灌溉制度提供理论依据,在冀南平原地区开展大棚葡萄微咸水滴灌试验,研究了淡水(CK)、2 g·L^-1微咸水(2 g·L^-1)、3 g·L^-1微咸水(3 g·L^-1)和4 g·L^-1微咸水(4 g·L^-1)4个不同矿化度水分灌溉处理对土壤水盐分布、葡萄生长和光合特性及果实品质的影响。结果表明：(1)2 g·L^-1处理的土壤盐分累积小于影响葡萄生长的盐分阈值,而3 g·L^-1和4 g·L^-1处理的盐分累积已超出该盐分阈值。(2)微咸水滴灌会减缓生育前期葡萄新梢的生长速度,且矿化度越高减缓程度越大。(3)随着矿化度的增加,叶片净光合速率、胞间CO₂浓度呈现逐渐降低的趋势,但2 g·L^-1处理的叶片水分利用效率高于其他处理。(4)2 g·L^-1处理‘火焰无核’葡萄的糖酸比...     

氮肥深施对旱作覆膜农田土壤养分含量及春玉米产量的影响

以春玉米为供试作物,于2021—2022年在甘肃省定西市进行不同深度施肥田间试验,以双垄沟覆膜种植为基础,设置3个氮肥施用深度：5 cm(D5)、15 cm(D15)和25 cm(D25),以不施氮(N0)处理为对照,共4个处理,分析不同氮肥施用深度对农田土壤养分含量、干物质积累、水分利用及玉米产量的影响,为优化施肥模式和进一步提升其节水增产效能提供理论依据。结果表明,随施肥深度的增加,农田0～40 cm土层土壤养分含量逐渐增大,D25处理较D15和D5处理的土壤有机碳、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别平均提高8.67%、2.23%、22.11%和15.18%;氮肥深施可提高生育后期养分供给能力,玉米干物质积累量显著提高,D25处理播后105 d～收获期干物质积累量分别较D15和D5提高6.53%和25.30%;2个试验年份农田耗水量和水分利用效率均随着施肥深度的增加逐渐增大,D25处理分别较D15和D5平均提高10.09%和10.08%;D25处理玉米生物产量和经济产量较D5处理分别平均提高27.20%和34.93%。在西北旱作区,氮肥25 cm深施模式能为玉米提供更好的养分供给,是提高...     

昆虫病原真菌在害虫防治中对天敌生物的影响研究进展

昆虫病原真菌是一类重要的微生物杀虫剂,广泛应用于农林害虫的生物防治。由于寄主范围广和主动侵染的特点,昆虫病原真菌在侵染、致死靶标害虫的同时,对包括天敌昆虫在内的非靶标节肢动物等会产生潜在的致病或亚致死风险。本文总结了昆虫病原真菌在害虫防治中的研究进展及对天敌生物的影响,并展望了昆虫病原真菌作为极具潜力的生物农药与天敌生物联合防治害虫的未来发展方向。     

多梯度氮磷添加对高寒草甸植物群落生物量与氮磷含量的影响

为研究不同梯度氮、磷单独及混合添加对高寒草甸植物群落生物量、植物养分含量及化学计量比的影响,本实验分析了青海省门源县典型高寒草甸植物群落地上总生物量,功能群水平地上生物量,植物全氮、全磷含量及氮磷比对多梯度氮、磷添加的响应情况。结果表明：氮、磷添加均对群落地上生物量影响极显著(P<0.001);氮添加对禾草类和豆科生物量影响极显著(P<0.001);磷添加对禾草类和莎草类生物量影响极显著(P<0.001);氮磷交互作用对豆科和莎草类生物量影响显著(P<0.05)。群落水平上,氮添加显著提高了植物全氮含量,对植物氮磷比(N∶P)有正效应,磷添加显著提高了植物全磷含量,对植物N∶P有负效应,植物全磷对N∶P的负效应大于全氮对N∶P的正效应。本研究表明氮、磷添加可能会使高寒草甸植物群落组成和植物养分含量发生改变,植物群落逐渐向禾草类发展;此外,高寒草甸植物生长趋向于受氮磷共同限制。     

基于全基因组填充重测序关联分析鉴别影响苏山猪初生体尺与乳头数性状的遗传位点

旨在鉴别影响苏山猪初生体尺和乳头数性状的遗传位点,开发可用于辅助育种的分子标记,为苏山猪生长和繁殖性能的持续选育提供理论基础。本试验对269头苏山猪初生仔猪(出生后24 h内)的体尺和乳头数表型进行测定,并采集耳组织样品。基于全基因组重测序及基因型填充策略,利用全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS)和群体分化指数(fixation index,Fst)的方法挖掘与目的性状强关联位点,并对位置功能候选基因开展GO和KEGG分析,确定最有可能的主效基因。本研究共鉴别到4个候选位点,分布在13、14和X染色体上,其中与初生体尺性状显著关联的位点有2个,与乳头数性状显著关联的位点有2个。本研究筛选出1个与体长性状相关的候选基因ACTA2;1个与胸围性状相关的候选基因COL4A6;3个与乳头数性状相关的候选基因ACTA2、CRTAP和SEPTIN6,为苏山猪初生体尺性状和乳头数性状的遗传改良提供了重要的分子标记。     

Study on Institutional Defect of Mortgage-Backed Securitization and Countermeasures in China

Mortgage-backed securities(MBS),originated in the U.S.and introduced into China in 2005,is a vehicle for real estate finance.This paper describes their history,mechanism,development,theory and experiences in the USA and other countries.In China,the real estate finance is partitioned into four stages: first,non-finance stage(1949-1977);second,sprouting stage(1978-1997);third,inceptive stage(1998-2004) and the fourth,developing stage(2005-),and it is distinguished from the finance of Real Estate Development firm.The differences between them are in following aspects: object,objective,mode and risk.This paper analyzes the institutional defects in view of the policy environment,the primary market of MBS,the secondary market of MBS,and offers countermeasures: first,setting up National Housing Mortgage Management Institution,second,enlarging the service scope of housing mortgage-backed loan,third,differential loaning,fourth,regularly issuing the pricing of housing construction;fifth,normalizing the institutional investors.     

Sintering of Magnetite Concentrates Without Carbon

With the goal of the sintering of magnetite concentrates without carbon,the effect of quality,inert atmosphere and Fe_3O_4 addition on microwave sintering of magnetite concentrates is studied.It is shown that: With the same basicity(CaO/SiO_2=2.5) and microwave heating condition(1000W,2.45GHz,20min),the centre temperature decreaseds with a increasing sample mass;There is no great difference between with and without inert atmosphere in microwave sintering of magnetite in a same microwave heating condition.When 100g sample(CaO/SiO_2=2.5) is heated by microwave irradiation(1000W,2.45GHz,20min),the more Fe_3O_4 is added,the less liquid phase is produced,which is bad for microwave sintering of magnetite concentrate.     

Practical Method of High-Speed Access for Medical Digital Image Sequences

The high-speed access for medical digital image sequences was restricted to special device and complicated system in the past. The authors present a new method of high-speed access for medical digital image sequences which can be performed on general computer by means of the combination of Serial ATA(SATA) and Redundant Array of Independent Disk(RAID).Then they introduce the scheme of system configuration and software program. Lastly the testing result is given and the speediness,cheapness and conveniency of this method are elucidated.     

Deciding Method of Capability Vs. Price of Real Estate

The authors determine the index system and the index weight of capability of real estate by applying Delphi method and AHP method, and found the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of capability of real estate. They creates the model of capability Vs. price based on value engineering theory. The authors analysis detailedly deciding method of capability Vs. price of real estate combined with a practice example and application. The method adapts to a house as well as the type of the house. The method resolves the problem which capability Vs. price of real estate was only described by qualitatively for ages, which supplies theory basis to developer and consumer.     

Optimization of Curve Fitting Used in Development of Magic Formula Tire Model

Characteristics of a tire are the foundation of vehicle dynamics studying, especially play a vital role in vehicle handling study. It is necessary to establish a tire model in the simulation for vehicle handling because the tire characteristics got by test can not be satisfied.The optimization of fitting to the tire test data curves by Magic Formula is discussed, included the digitalization of tire test data curves, designing objective functions and optimization processes,etc. Finally the parameters in Magic Formula tire model are obtained and they lay a foundation for the development of vehicle handling aftertime.